Co-dynamics of pneumonia and typhoid fever diseases with cost effective optimal control analysis

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dc.contributor.author Tilahun, Getachew T.
dc.contributor.author Makinde, Oluwole D.
dc.contributor.author Malonza, David M.
dc.date.accessioned 2025-07-11T08:31:33Z
dc.date.available 2025-07-11T08:31:33Z
dc.date.issued 2018-01-01
dc.identifier.citation Applied mathematics and computation, volume 316, pages 438-459, 2018 en_US
dc.identifier.issn 0096-3003
dc.identifier.uri http://repository.seku.ac.ke/xmlui/handle/123456789/8112
dc.description https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2017.07.063 en_US
dc.description.abstract In this paper, we propose and analyze a mathematical model for Pneumonia–Typhoid co-infection to examine their characteristic relationship due to preventive and treatments strategies. Firstly, we qualitatively analyzed the model, and the basic reproduction number is determined with respect to the existence and stability of equilibria. The possibility of bifurcation is studied and also we investigated the sensitivity index of co-infection model reproduction number together with the local and global stability of the equilibra. Secondly, we extend the co-infection model by incorporating time dependent controls as intervention and we used Pontryagin’s maximum principle for derivation of necessary conditions for the optimal control and optimality system. Finally, the optimality system is numerically simulated by considering four strategies and also their cost effectiveness is analysed. We found that Pneumonia treatment with Typhoid fever prevention costs least. Therefore, for optimal cost effective control of both diseases, the policy makers must focus more on prevention strategy while treating the infected individual is not neglected. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Elsevier en_US
dc.title Co-dynamics of pneumonia and typhoid fever diseases with cost effective optimal control analysis en_US
dc.type Article en_US


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