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Browsing School of Science and Computing (JA) by Author "Kiptoo, Michael K."

Now showing items 1-20 of 25

Antiretroviral resistance among HIV-1 patients on first-line therapy attending a comprehensive care clinic in Kenyatta National Hospital, Kenya: a retrospective analysis

Kinyua, Joyceline G.; Lihana, Raphael W.; Kiptoo, Michael K.; Muasya, Timothy; Odera, Irene; Muiruri, Peter; Songok, Elijah M. (African Field Epidemiology Network, 2018-04-02)

Introduction: antiretroviral therapy plays a major role in reducing the impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Disease Syndrome, especially in resource-limited settings. However, without proper infrastructure, ...
Application of barcode technology to enhance electronic quality-assured data collection and analysis in operational research EAPHLN project in Kenya

Kiptoo, Michael K.; Orina, F.; Kariuki, J. N.; Githui, W. A.; Sang, W. K.; Mwangi, M.; Wanzala, P. (African Forum for Health Sciences, 2014-12-19)

Introduction: Barcode technology is a replacement for the traditional keyboard data entry. The East Africa Public Health Laboratory Networking (EAPHLN) Project operational research activities anticipated enormous data ...
Characterization and factors associated with diarrhoeal diseases caused by enteric bacterial pathogens among children aged five years and below attending Igembe District Hospital, Kenya

Kiptoo, Michael K.; Karambu, Shirley; Matiru, Viviene; Oundo, Joseph (African Field Epidemiology Network, 2013-10-04)

Introduction: Diarrhoea remains a major public health problem in East African nations such as Kenya. Surveillance for a broad range of enteric pathogens is necessary to accurately predict the frequency of pathogens and ...
Characterization of HBV among HBV/HIV-1 co-infected Injecting Drug Users from Mombasa, Kenya.

Ng'ang'a, Zipporah W.; Kibaya, R. M.; Lihana, R. W.; Lihana, R. W.; Kiptoo, Michael K.; Songok, E. M.; Osman, S.; Ishizaki, A.; Xiuqiong, B. I.; Okoth, F. A.; Ichimura, H.; Lwembe, R. M. (Bentham Science Publishers, 2015)

Background: Hepatitis B (HBV) and Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are both bloodborne viruses. Markers of either active or past HBV infection are present in many HIV infected patients. Worldwide, HBV prevalence varies ...
Coping with Emerging Infectious Diseases: Experience from the East Africa Public Health Laboratory Networking–Operational Research Project in Kenya

Kiptoo, Michael K.; Githui, W. A.; Wanzala, P. (African Forum for Health Sciences, 2014-12-19)
Development of immunoassays for detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus based on Consensus env gp41 Immunodominant Region Peptide from HIV-1 infections in Kenya

Ng'ang'a, Zipporah W.; Kimotho, James; Nyairo, Edna; Ochwoto, Missiani; Nzioka, Nicholas; Ogolla, Francis; Kiptoo, Michael K. (2015)

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is characterized by high rates of genetic variability in vivo that could affect the performance of the HIV antibody-based detection kits. Objective: This study aimed at ...
Effect of sputum quality on Xpert® MTB/RIF results in the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from persons presumed to have Tuberculosis in EAPHLN project Operational Research study sites in Kenya

Kiptoo, Michael K.; Orina, F.; Mwangi, M.; Githui, W. A.; Ogaro, T.; Sang, W. K.; Kariuki, J. N.; Wanzala, P. (African Forum for Health Sciences, 2014-12-19)

Background: The common problem in tuberculosis (TB) management is misdiagnosis or under-diagnosis of cases leading to high morbidity and mortality. In order to reverse this, new diagnostic tools for detection of Mycobacterium ...
Emerging Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Enteric Pathogens Isolated from Children under 5 years of age in five EAPHLNP Satellite Sites in Kenya.

Kiptoo, Michael K.; Sang, W.; Too, R.; Githii, S.; Githui, W.; Wanzala, P.; Kariuki, J.; Mwangi, M.; Omar, S.; Kimani, F.; Ogaro, T.; Orina, F. (African Forum for Health Sciences, 2014-12-19)

The emergence of resistance to antimicrobial agents in bacterial pathogens is a worldwide problem that has been associated with inappropriate use in human and veterinary medicine. Between 12th February 2013 and 30th July ...
Hepatitis B virus subgenotype A1, occurrence of subgenotype D4, and S gene mutations among voluntary blood donors in Kenya

Kiptoo, Michael K.; Kwange, Simeon O.; Budambula, Nancy L.; Okoth, Fredrick; Ochwoto, Missiani; Oduor, Margaret; Kimotho, James H. (Springer Verlag, 2013-12)

Kenya is one of the high endemic zones for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The consensuses on prevalence of the HBV genotypes and the existence of their variants have not been fully established in Kenya. Hence, there ...
High Prevalence of HIV Low Abundance Drug-Resistant Variants in a Treatment-Naive Population in North Rift Kenya

Kiptoo, Michael K.; Winfrida, Cheriro; Gideon, Kikuvi; Simeon, Mining; Emonyi, Wilfred; Songok, Elijah. (Mary Ann Liebert, 2015-11-24)

The advent of antiretroviral treatment (ART) has resulted in a dramatic reduction in AIDS-related morbidity and mortality. However, the emergence and spread of antiretroviral drug resistance (DR) threaten to negatively ...
HIV Type 1 gag genetic diversity among antenatal clinic attendees in North Rift Valley, Kenya

Ng'ang'a, Zipporah W.; Nyagaka, Benuel; Kiptoo, Michael K.; Lihana, Raphael W.; Khamadi, Samoel A.; Makokha, Ernest P.; Kinyua, Joyceline G.; Mwangi, Joseph; Osman, Saida; Lagat, Nancy J.; Muriuki, Joseph; Okoth, Vincent; Gicheru, Michael; Songok, Elijah M. (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 2012)

HIV genetic recombination and high mutation rate increase diversity allowing it to escape from host immune response or antiretroviral drugs. This diversity has enabled specific viral subtypes to be predominant in specific ...
HIV-1 drug resistance-associated mutations among HIV-1 infected drug-naïve antenatal clinic attendees in rural Kenya

Ng'ang'a, Zipporah W.; Kiptoo, Michael K.; Brooks, James; Lihana, Raphael W.; Sandstrom, Paul; Kinyua, Joyceline; Lagat, Nancy; Okoth, Fredrick; Songok, Elijah M. (BioMed Central, 2013-11-03)

Background Access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased dramatically in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Kenya, 560,000 people had access to ART by the end of 2011. This scaling up of ART has raised challenges to the ...
Impact of Research Methodology and Scientific Writing Course in transforming Clinical and Laboratory Personnel to Research Scientists at the East Africa Public Health Laboratory Networking Project Study sites in Kenya

Kiptoo, Michael K.; Githui, W.; Wanzala, P.; Kariuki, J.; Mwangi, M.; Omar, S.; Kimani, F.; Ogaro, T.; Orina, F.; Sang, W. (African Forum for Health Sciences, 2014-12-19)

Background: The East Africa Public Health Laboratory Networking (EAPHLN) Project which is being implemented in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi and Rwanda has several components which include Operational Research (OR). The ...
Indirect immunofluorescence assay, particle agglutination and ELISA for the detection of HIV type 1

Ng'ang'a, Zipporah W.; Kiptoo, Michael K.; Mpoke, Solomon S.; Osman, Saida; Mwangi, Ann; Songok, Elijah M. (IJIB, 2009)

Screening of blood and blood products for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is routinely performed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the results confirmed by western blot (WB). In an effort to ...
Intra and Inter Examiner Calibration of Cardinal TB Clinical Signs and Symptoms in comparision with Laboratory results in the Diagnosis of PTB in Patients from EAPHLN project study sites in Kenya.

Kiptoo, Michael K.; Wanzala, P.; Githui, W. A.; Mwangi, M.; Sang, W. K.; Orina, F.; Kariuki, J. N.; Ogaro, T. (African Forum for Health Sciences, 2014-12-19)

Introduction: The clinical diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis( PTB) is based on occurrence of four cardinal signs and symptoms which include current cough, night sweats, weight loss, or low grade fever. However few ...
Laboratory Evaluation of the Validity of the Current HIV Testing Algorithm in Kenya

Kiptoo, Michael K.; Kimotho, James; Nyairo, Edna; Ochwoto, Missiani; Nzioka, Nicholas; Ogolla, Francis; Ng'ang'a, Zipporah W. (Science publishing group, 2015-02-15)

Background: The HIV Lateral Flow Tests (LFTs) provide a good compromise between accuracy, cost, speed and overall effectiveness. Objective: This study assessed the laboratory performance of the LFTs in the current National ...
Molecular genetic diversity of hepatitis B virus in Kenya

Ng'ang'a, Zipporah W.; Mwangi, Joseph; Songok, Elijah; Kinyua, Joyceline; Lagat, Nancy; Muriuki, Joseph; Lihana, Raphael; Khamadi, Samoel; Osman, Saida; Lwembe, Raphael; Kiptoo, Michael K.; Mwau, Matilu; Chirchir, Ruth; Mpoke, Solomon; Nyamongo, Jack; Okoth, Fred; Yamada, Rika; Kageyama, Seiji; Ichimura, Hiroshi (S. Karger AG, Basel, 2008)

Eight genotypes of hepatitis B virus (A-H) and subgenotypes have been recognized worldwide. However, there is limited information on prevalent genotypes in many countries in Africa. This study was undertaken to determine ...
New indirect immunofluorescence assay as a confirmatory test for human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

Ng'ang'a, Zipporah W.; Kiptoo, Michael K.; Mpoke, S. S. (Kenya Medical Association, 2004-05)

BACKGROUND: Screening of blood and blood products for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is routinely performed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the results confirmed by Western blot (WB). However, ...
Perceptions of HIV infected patients on the use of cell phone as a tool to support their antiretroviral adherence; a cross-sectional study in a large referral hospital in Kenya.

Kiptoo, Michael K.; Kinyua, Florence; Kikuvi, Gideon; Mutai, Joseph; Meyers, Adrienne F.; Muiruri, Peter; Songok, Elijah M. (BioMed Central, 2013-10-21)

Background Clinical trials were conducted to assess the feasibility of using a cell phone text messaging-based system to follow up Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected patients on antiretroviral (ARTs) and assess ...
Performance of Ziehl-Neelsen Microscopy, Light Emitting Diode –FM and Xpert MTB/RIF in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in People with Presumptive TB from EAPHLNP study sites in Kenya

Kiptoo, Michael K.; Githui, W. A.; Mwangi, M.; Orina, F.; Ogaro, T.; Wanzala, P.; Sang, W. K.; Omar, S.; Kariuki, J. N. (African Forum for Health Sciences 2014; 27(4)supp:432-445, 2014-12-19)

Background: In Kenya, sputum smear microscopy, especially Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) method has been the cornerstone for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis at most public health facilities. Recently, Led Emitted Diodide (LED) fluorescent ...

Browsing School of Science and Computing (JA) by Author "Kiptoo, Michael K."

Browsing School of Science and Computing (JA) by Author "Kiptoo, Michael K."

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